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struct Measurement { Measurement ( Eigen::Vector3d p, float g ) : pos_world ( p ), grayscale ( g ) {} Eigen::Vector3d pos_world; float grayscale; };
inline Eigen::Vector3d project2Dto3D ( int x, int y, int d, float fx, float fy, float cx, float cy, float scale ) { float zz = float ( d ) /scale; float xx = zz* ( x-cx ) /fx; float yy = zz* ( y-cy ) /fy; return Eigen::Vector3d ( xx, yy, zz ); }
inline Eigen::Vector2d project3Dto2D ( float x, float y, float z, float fx, float fy, float cx, float cy ) { float u = fx*x/z+cx; float v = fy*y/z+cy; return Eigen::Vector2d ( u,v ); }
bool poseEstimationDirect ( const vector<Measurement>& measurements, cv::Mat* gray, Eigen::Matrix3f& intrinsics, Eigen::Isometry3d& Tcw );
class EdgeSE3ProjectDirect: public BaseUnaryEdge< 1, double, VertexSE3Expmap> { public: EIGEN_MAKE_ALIGNED_OPERATOR_NEW
EdgeSE3ProjectDirect() {}
EdgeSE3ProjectDirect ( Eigen::Vector3d point, float fx, float fy, float cx, float cy, cv::Mat* image ) : x_world_ ( point ), fx_ ( fx ), fy_ ( fy ), cx_ ( cx ), cy_ ( cy ), image_ ( image ) {}
virtual void computeError() { const VertexSE3Expmap* v =static_cast<const VertexSE3Expmap*> ( _vertices[0] ); Eigen::Vector3d x_local = v->estimate().map ( x_world_ ); float x = x_local[0]*fx_/x_local[2] + cx_; float y = x_local[1]*fy_/x_local[2] + cy_; if ( x-4<0 || ( x+4 ) >image_->cols || ( y-4 ) <0 || ( y+4 ) >image_->rows ) { _error ( 0,0 ) = 0.0; this->setLevel ( 1 ); } else { _error ( 0,0 ) = getPixelValue ( x,y ) - _measurement; } }
virtual void linearizeOplus( ) { if ( level() == 1 ) { _jacobianOplusXi = Eigen::Matrix<double, 1, 6>::Zero(); return; } VertexSE3Expmap* vtx = static_cast<VertexSE3Expmap*> ( _vertices[0] ); Eigen::Vector3d xyz_trans = vtx->estimate().map ( x_world_ );
double x = xyz_trans[0]; double y = xyz_trans[1]; double invz = 1.0/xyz_trans[2]; double invz_2 = invz*invz;
float u = x*fx_*invz + cx_; float v = y*fy_*invz + cy_;
Eigen::Matrix<double, 2, 6> jacobian_uv_ksai;
jacobian_uv_ksai ( 0,0 ) = - x*y*invz_2 *fx_; jacobian_uv_ksai ( 0,1 ) = ( 1+ ( x*x*invz_2 ) ) *fx_; jacobian_uv_ksai ( 0,2 ) = - y*invz *fx_; jacobian_uv_ksai ( 0,3 ) = invz *fx_; jacobian_uv_ksai ( 0,4 ) = 0; jacobian_uv_ksai ( 0,5 ) = -x*invz_2 *fx_;
jacobian_uv_ksai ( 1,0 ) = - ( 1+y*y*invz_2 ) *fy_; jacobian_uv_ksai ( 1,1 ) = x*y*invz_2 *fy_; jacobian_uv_ksai ( 1,2 ) = x*invz *fy_; jacobian_uv_ksai ( 1,3 ) = 0; jacobian_uv_ksai ( 1,4 ) = invz *fy_; jacobian_uv_ksai ( 1,5 ) = -y*invz_2 *fy_;
Eigen::Matrix<double, 1, 2> jacobian_pixel_uv;
jacobian_pixel_uv ( 0,0 ) = ( getPixelValue ( u+1,v )-getPixelValue ( u-1,v ) ) /2; jacobian_pixel_uv ( 0,1 ) = ( getPixelValue ( u,v+1 )-getPixelValue ( u,v-1 ) ) /2;
_jacobianOplusXi = jacobian_pixel_uv*jacobian_uv_ksai; }
virtual bool read ( std::istream& in ) {} virtual bool write ( std::ostream& out ) const {}
protected: inline float getPixelValue ( float x, float y ) { uchar* data = & image_->data[ int ( y ) * image_->step + int ( x ) ]; float xx = x - floor ( x ); float yy = y - floor ( y ); return float ( ( 1-xx ) * ( 1-yy ) * data[0] + xx* ( 1-yy ) * data[1] + ( 1-xx ) *yy*data[ image_->step ] + xx*yy*data[image_->step+1] ); } public: Eigen::Vector3d x_world_; float cx_=0, cy_=0, fx_=0, fy_=0; cv::Mat* image_=nullptr; };
int main ( int argc, char** argv ) { if ( argc != 2 ) { cout<<"usage: useLK path_to_dataset"<<endl; return 1; } srand ( ( unsigned int ) time ( 0 ) ); string path_to_dataset = argv[1]; string associate_file = path_to_dataset + "/associate.txt";
ifstream fin ( associate_file );
string rgb_file, depth_file, time_rgb, time_depth; cv::Mat color, depth, gray; vector<Measurement> measurements; float cx = 325.5; float cy = 253.5; float fx = 518.0; float fy = 519.0; float depth_scale = 1000.0; Eigen::Matrix3f K; K<<fx,0.f,cx,0.f,fy,cy,0.f,0.f,1.0f;
Eigen::Isometry3d Tcw = Eigen::Isometry3d::Identity();
cv::Mat prev_color; for ( int index=0; index<10; index++ ) { cout<<"*********** loop "<<index<<" ************"<<endl; fin>>time_rgb>>rgb_file>>time_depth>>depth_file; color = cv::imread ( path_to_dataset+"/"+rgb_file ); depth = cv::imread ( path_to_dataset+"/"+depth_file, -1 ); if ( color.data==nullptr || depth.data==nullptr ) continue; cv::cvtColor ( color, gray, cv::COLOR_BGR2GRAY ); if ( index ==0 ) { vector<cv::KeyPoint> keypoints; cv::Ptr<cv::FastFeatureDetector> detector = cv::FastFeatureDetector::create(); detector->detect ( color, keypoints ); for ( auto kp:keypoints ) { if ( kp.pt.x < 20 || kp.pt.y < 20 || ( kp.pt.x+20 ) >color.cols || ( kp.pt.y+20 ) >color.rows ) continue; ushort d = depth.ptr<ushort> ( cvRound ( kp.pt.y ) ) [ cvRound ( kp.pt.x ) ]; if ( d==0 ) continue; Eigen::Vector3d p3d = project2Dto3D ( kp.pt.x, kp.pt.y, d, fx, fy, cx, cy, depth_scale ); float grayscale = float ( gray.ptr<uchar> ( cvRound ( kp.pt.y ) ) [ cvRound ( kp.pt.x ) ] ); measurements.push_back ( Measurement ( p3d, grayscale ) ); } prev_color = color.clone(); continue; } chrono::steady_clock::time_point t1 = chrono::steady_clock::now(); poseEstimationDirect ( measurements, &gray, K, Tcw ); chrono::steady_clock::time_point t2 = chrono::steady_clock::now(); chrono::duration<double> time_used = chrono::duration_cast<chrono::duration<double>> ( t2-t1 ); cout<<"direct method costs time: "<<time_used.count() <<" seconds."<<endl; cout<<"Tcw="<<Tcw.matrix() <<endl;
cv::Mat img_show ( color.rows*2, color.cols, CV_8UC3 ); prev_color.copyTo ( img_show ( cv::Rect ( 0,0,color.cols, color.rows ) ) ); color.copyTo ( img_show ( cv::Rect ( 0,color.rows,color.cols, color.rows ) ) ); for ( Measurement m:measurements ) { if ( rand() > RAND_MAX/5 ) continue; Eigen::Vector3d p = m.pos_world; Eigen::Vector2d pixel_prev = project3Dto2D ( p ( 0,0 ), p ( 1,0 ), p ( 2,0 ), fx, fy, cx, cy ); Eigen::Vector3d p2 = Tcw*m.pos_world; Eigen::Vector2d pixel_now = project3Dto2D ( p2 ( 0,0 ), p2 ( 1,0 ), p2 ( 2,0 ), fx, fy, cx, cy ); if ( pixel_now(0,0)<0 || pixel_now(0,0)>=color.cols || pixel_now(1,0)<0 || pixel_now(1,0)>=color.rows ) continue;
float b = 255*float ( rand() ) /RAND_MAX; float g = 255*float ( rand() ) /RAND_MAX; float r = 255*float ( rand() ) /RAND_MAX; cv::circle ( img_show, cv::Point2d ( pixel_prev ( 0,0 ), pixel_prev ( 1,0 ) ), 8, cv::Scalar ( b,g,r ), 2 ); cv::circle ( img_show, cv::Point2d ( pixel_now ( 0,0 ), pixel_now ( 1,0 ) +color.rows ), 8, cv::Scalar ( b,g,r ), 2 ); cv::line ( img_show, cv::Point2d ( pixel_prev ( 0,0 ), pixel_prev ( 1,0 ) ), cv::Point2d ( pixel_now ( 0,0 ), pixel_now ( 1,0 ) +color.rows ), cv::Scalar ( b,g,r ), 1 ); } cv::imshow ( "result", img_show ); cv::waitKey ( 0 );
} return 0; }
bool poseEstimationDirect ( const vector< Measurement >& measurements, cv::Mat* gray, Eigen::Matrix3f& K, Eigen::Isometry3d& Tcw ) { typedef g2o::BlockSolver<g2o::BlockSolverTraits<6,1>> DirectBlock; DirectBlock::LinearSolverType* linearSolver = new g2o::LinearSolverDense< DirectBlock::PoseMatrixType > (); DirectBlock* solver_ptr = new DirectBlock ( linearSolver ); g2o::OptimizationAlgorithmLevenberg* solver = new g2o::OptimizationAlgorithmLevenberg ( solver_ptr ); g2o::SparseOptimizer optimizer; optimizer.setAlgorithm ( solver ); optimizer.setVerbose( true );
g2o::VertexSE3Expmap* pose = new g2o::VertexSE3Expmap(); pose->setEstimate ( g2o::SE3Quat ( Tcw.rotation(), Tcw.translation() ) ); pose->setId ( 0 ); optimizer.addVertex ( pose );
int id=1; for ( Measurement m: measurements ) { EdgeSE3ProjectDirect* edge = new EdgeSE3ProjectDirect ( m.pos_world, K ( 0,0 ), K ( 1,1 ), K ( 0,2 ), K ( 1,2 ), gray ); edge->setVertex ( 0, pose ); edge->setMeasurement ( m.grayscale ); edge->setInformation ( Eigen::Matrix<double,1,1>::Identity() ); edge->setId ( id++ ); optimizer.addEdge ( edge ); } cout<<"edges in graph: "<<optimizer.edges().size() <<endl; optimizer.initializeOptimization(); optimizer.optimize ( 30 ); Tcw = pose->estimate(); }
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